Scientific Calculator
Free online scientific calculator with history, 50+ physical constants, trigonometry, logarithms, and unit-aware calculations. Works on desktop and mobile.
How to Use the Scientific Calculator
Type expressions directly using your keyboard or click the buttons. The result updates live as you type — you do not need to press equals to see intermediate results. Press Enter or = to save the expression to history. Use the right panel to browse and insert physical constants, access previous calculations, and store named variables. The Unit Converter below the calculator converts any result between measurement units.
About This Tool
A full scientific calculator with a safe recursive descent expression parser — no eval() or dynamic code execution. Supports trigonometric, hyperbolic, logarithmic, and power functions with degree, radian, and gradian angle modes. Includes 50+ physical constants across mathematics, physics, and astronomy. Expression history persists in localStorage. Named variables allow multi-step calculations. The integrated unit converter handles 12 measurement categories including length, mass, time, temperature, area, volume, speed, pressure, energy, power, data, and angle. Pair with the Number Base Converter for base conversion or the Date Calculator for date arithmetic.
Quick Reference Table
| Function | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Sine | sin(x) | sin(45) = 0.7071 (DEG) |
| Natural log | ln(x) | ln(e) = 1 |
| Log base 10 | log(x) | log(100) = 2 |
| Square root | sqrt(x) | sqrt(16) = 4 |
| Power | x^y or x**y | 2^10 = 1024 |
| Factorial | n! or factorial(n) | 5! = 120 |
| Constants | π, e, φ, τ | π = 3.14159… |
| Previous result | ans | ans * 2 |
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I enter scientific notation?
Use the EE button or type 'e' between the coefficient and exponent: 6.022e23 enters 6.022 × 10²³. Negative exponents: 1.38e-23 enters 1.38 × 10⁻²³. The 'e' here is the scientific notation separator, not Euler’s number.
What is the difference between log and ln?
log (or log10) computes the logarithm base 10 — the power to which 10 must be raised to produce a given number. log(100) = 2 because 10² = 100. ln computes the natural logarithm — the logarithm base e (Euler’s number, ≈ 2.718). ln(e) = 1. The natural logarithm appears in calculus and physics.
How do I calculate combinations and permutations?
Use the factorial function. Combinations: n choose k = n! / (k! * (n-k)!). Enter it as: factorial(n) / (factorial(k) * factorial(n-k)). Example: 10 choose 3 = 10! / (3! * 7!) = 120. Store n and k as variables to simplify repeated calculations.
Can I use the result of one calculation in the next?
Yes — the previous result is always available as 'ans' or 'Ans'. After calculating sin(45), type 'ans * 2' to double the result. You can also store any value as a named variable using the Variables tab and reference it by name in future expressions.